Cuidados paliativos na doença renal crônica: revisão narrativa
DOI:
10.24276/rrecien2024.14.42.609628Palavras-chave:
Insuficiência Renal Crônica, Cuidados Paliativos, Nefrologia, Enfermagem em NefrologiaResumo
A doença renal crônica é um problema de saúde pública, afetando a qualidade de vida e elevando os custos de cuidados. Este estudo revisa a literatura sobre cuidados paliativos renais para pacientes com doença renal crônica avançada e em estágio terminal. A revisão narrativa analisou 43 artigos, majoritariamente em inglês e com foco na América do Norte e Reino Unido. A pesquisa evidenciou a subutilização dos cuidados paliativos renais, apesar de sua importância para melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e suas famílias, e a confusão com cuidados conservadores e de fim de vida. Destaca-se a necessidade de integrar precocemente os cuidados paliativos na prática nefrológica, superando barreiras estruturais e culturais. A colaboração interdisciplinar, o planejamento antecipado de cuidados e a comunicação eficaz são essenciais para um atendimento centrado no paciente e adaptado às suas necessidades individuais.
Descritores: Insuficiência Renal Crônica, Cuidados Paliativos, Nefrologia, Enfermagem em Nefrologia.
Palliative care in chronic kidney disease: narrative review
Abstract: Chronic kidney disease is a public health problem, affecting quality of life and increasing healthcare costs. This study reviews the literature on renal palliative care for patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. The narrative review analyzed 43 papers, mostly published in English, with a focus on North America and the United Kingdom. The research highlighted the underutilization of renal palliative care despite its recognized importance for improving patient and family quality of life, and the confusion with conservative and end-of-life care. The need to integrate renal palliative care early in nephrology practice is emphasized, overcoming structural and cultural barriers. Interdisciplinary collaboration, advance care planning, and effective communication are essential for patient-centered care adapted to individual needs.
Descriptors: Renal Insufficiency Chronic, Palliative Care, Nephrology, Nephrology Nursing.
Cuidados paliativos en la enfermedad renal crónica: revisión narrativa
Resumen: La enfermedad renal crónica es un problema de salud pública, afectando la calidad de vida y aumentando los costos de atención médica. Este estudio revisa la literatura sobre cuidados paliativos renales para pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada y en etapa terminal. La revisión narrativa analizó 43 artículos, en su mayoría en inglés y con enfoque en América del Norte y el Reino Unido. La investigación evidenció la subutilización de los cuidados paliativos renales, a pesar de su importancia para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes y sus familias, y la confusión con los cuidados conservadores y de fin de vida. Se destaca la necesidad de integrar tempranamente los cuidados paliativos en la práctica nefrológica, superando barreras estructurales y culturales. La colaboración interdisciplinaria, la planificación anticipada de cuidados y la comunicación efectiva son esenciales para una atención centrada en el paciente y adaptada a sus necesidades individuales.
Descriptores: Insuficiencia Renal Crónica, Cuidados Paliativos, Nefrología, Enfermería en Nefrología.
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